First Semester 2008-2009 Page 21

Arabic 101.01 "Beginning Arabic I." New course number formerly offered under the ALSO program. An introduction to Modern Standard Arabic, teaching the skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing, along with attention to cultural context. Prerequisite: none.

Arabic 221.01 "Intermediate Arabic I." New course number formerly offered under the ALSO program. Reinforcement and expansion of competence acquired in Beginning Arabic I and II. Prerequisite: Arabic 102.

Art 195.01 "Introductory Special Topic: Biology as a New Art Medium." The course will explore the multiple artistic approaches that have developed in relation to Art and Biology. We will place special emphasis on the development of collaborative projects where the artist has to learn some biological research skills in order to create the artwork. A series of seminar classes will provide background information on the current diversity of artistic discourses centered on biological sciences as a forum for debate. These will be complemented by practical classes in the Biology department, where the students will experience basic biological research techniques and equipment, and use them as their art medium. Dates: August 29 to September 26. Short course deadlines apply. Prerequisite: second-year standing.

Biology 150.01 "Introduction to Biological Inquiry: The Language of Neurons." In this course students will actively learn how biologists study the nervous system. Specifically, students will work as neuroscientists for a semester and will attempt to learn something novel about how nerve cells communicate with one another at chemical synapses. Students will present their findings at the end of the semester via both oral and written presentations. Papers resulting from a substantial independent project will be published in the class journal, Pioneering Neuroscience: The Grinnell Journal of Neurophysiology. Students with a strong background in high school physics will benefit most from this section of Biological Inquiry. Prerequisite: none.

Biology 150.02 "Introduction to Biological Inquiry: How Can Insects Tell Time?" Insects must time their development and metamorphosis based on the world around them because the timing of critical life events is imperative. So how is it that they tell time and carefully synchronize their metamorphic changes? In this course we will investigate a little understood aspect of the Tobacco Hornworm moth's development, the wandering stage of the caterpillar. Students will learn about the insect's life cycle, physiology, and endocrinology of metamorphosis, based on a critical reading of the literature, so that they can ask important questions about the wandering state and design experiments to test their ideas. Students will present their findings in both an oral scientific presentation and in the form of a manuscript and poster. Participants with substantial research from their projects will be invited to publish their results in, Pioneering Neuroscience: The Grinnell Journal of Neurophysiology Pre requisite: none.

Biology 150.03 "Introduction to Biological Inquiry: Cell Fate: Calvin or Hobbes?" During the development of an embryo, how is the fate of a cell determined? How does a cell "know" it is supposed to become a nerve cell? Or part of the gut? How does it know its location within the embryo? To address these questions, we will examine the fate of cells during embryonic development, focusing primarily on the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans. We will critically evaluate the primary literature, formulate hypotheses, carry out independent research projects using a variety of analytical tools, and report experimental results in scientific papers, posters, and oral presentations. The class is taught in a workshop format, with laboratories, discussions, and lectures integrated in each class period. Prerequisite: none.

Biology 150.04 "Introduction to Biological Inquiry: Plant Genetics and the Environment." The physical and behavioral characteristics of living organisms are largely determined by their genetic makeup and their environment. This course is designed to allow us to ask questions about the relationship between genetics and the environment and to explore the mechanisms plants use to acclimate and adapt to changes in their environment. Using the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana, we will examine the influence of different environmental factors on the growth and development of 'wild-type' and mutant individuals. Students will design and perform experiments to address questions about the effect of genetic mutation on plant responses to the environment. After careful analysis of experimental results, students will communicate their findings in various scientific forms. Prerequisite: none.

Biology 150.05 "Introduction to Biological Inquiry: Sex Life of Plants." This course will explore the evolution and ecology of reproduction in flowering plants to develop your understanding of how and why plants reproduce as they do. You'll experience biology as it is practiced, as you learn principles of adaptation, practice the scientific method, and communicate your research findings in the style of professional biologists. Activities will include reading and discussing classic and contemporary scientific literature, completing exercises on the structure and function of plant reproductive features, and conducting and reporting on research projects done in the lab, the greenhouse, and the field. Prerequisite: none.

Added 5/9/08
Biology 395.01 “Advanced Special Topic: Systems Biology: Technologies and Computational Techniques.” In this course we will explore some of the new technologies which have dramatically changed the scale on which biologists can interrogate cellular processes, allowing us, for example, to assay global changes in gene expression and investigate connectivity in large protein networks. In the classroom we will discuss genomics, microarrays, proteomics, high-throughput genetics and metabolomics, reading selections from the primary literature in each of these fields. In the computational lab we will delve into datasets produced by each of these types of studies. The course will begin with an intensive introduction to using simple scripting languages to manipulate biological data, and it will culminate with a novel, independent, analysis of an existing dataset. Two classroom discussions plus a three-hour computational lab each week. Prerequisites: Biology 252 or Biological Chemistry 262.

Chemistry 395.01 "Advanced Special Topic: Computational Chemistry." This course provides theoretical basis and practical applications of computational methods relevant to chemical systems. Methods to be discussed are ab initio, modern density functional theory, semi empirical and molecular-mechanics. Electronic structure calculations, using the methods mentioned above, will be applied to the study of chemical and biochemical research problems. Prerequisite: CHM-222 and completion of or concurrent enrollment in PHY-132 or permission of instructor. Recommended: completion of or concurrent enrollment in CHM-363.

Computer Science 151.01 & 02 "Functional Problem Solving." Note new title and course description. A lab-based introduction to basic ideas of computer science, including recursion, abstraction, scope and binding, modularity, the design and analysis of algorithms, and the fundamentals of programming in a high-level, functional language. Includes formal laboratory work. Prerequisite: none.

Computer Science 161.01 "Imperative Problem Solving and Data Structures." New course. A continuation of Computer Science 151, bringing in some concepts more closely tied to the architecture of computers, compilers, and operating systems, such as macro processing, compilation and linking, pointers and memory management, data representation, and software development tools. Additional topics include assertions and invariants, data abstraction, linked data structures, an introduction to the use of the GNU/Linux operating system, and programming in a low-level, imperative language. Includes formal laboratory work. Prerequisite: CSC-151or permission of instructor; not open to students who have already taken CSC-201.

Computer Science 325.01 "Databases and Web Application Design." New course. Study of database theory and design along with software development methodology. Emphasis on design principles and methods, project management, and the use of appropriate tools. A large project provides motivation and practical experience. Prerequisite: CSC-152, 153, 207 or permission of instructor.

Economics 295.01 "Special Topic: Investments and Public Policy." This course provides an introduction to investments. It covers types of investments, measurement of risk and return, institutional aspects of investment markets, and key concepts in investments such as efficient diversification and efficient markets. The course will consider differences between approaches for individual and institutional investors, the use and performance of mutual funds, and the implications of investment theory for both individual financial planning and related public policy issues. Current issues of interest in investing such as hedge funds, private equity, and venture capital will be covered, as well as public policy on private pension guarantees, social security, and corporate governance. Prerequisites: ECN-111 or permission of instructor.

English 120.01 "Literary Analysis."An introduction to the close reading of prose and poetry. We will begin with an overview of the formal elements of literary analysis (imagery, theme, allusion, rhyme, tone, etc.) then engage in the close reading of a novel as well as several short stories and poems to reveal the ways in which an understanding of narrative structure and convention enhances our reading of literary texts. From there, we will fill our critical "toolbox" with theoretical approaches that will allow us to build a vocabulary for reading texts according to specific methodological approaches. Prerequisite: none.

English 120.02 "Literary Analysis." This course will take you through the fundamentals of literary analysis. We will cover the poem, the short story and the novel, focusing on the fundamentals of formalist critical methodology. In addition, we will become briefly introduced to some of the major trends in critical theory. Prerequisite: none.

English 120.03 "Literary Analysis." This is a critical reading, writing, and thinking course designed to introduce students to literary works in a number of genres while reinforcing their skills in critical analysis. We will examine important elements of fiction and poetry in order to better understand how these elements create meaning in the work. We will also examine a range of contemporary approaches to literary texts by familiarizing ourselves with various schools of literary criticism and ways of reading. In addition to reading the poetic works of Audre Lorde, Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Ai, and Gwendolyn Brooks, we will read fictional works such as James Baldwin's Giovanni's Room, Maxine Hong Kingston's The Woman Warrior, and Jhumpha Lahiri's Interpreter of Maladies. In our study of these works, we will spend a good deal of time contemplating what it means to 'construct a self' in literature. Prerequisite: none.

English 120.04 "Literary Analysis." This course is designed to introduce students to literary works in a number of genres while reinforcing their skills in critical analysis and literary interpretation. We will examine a range of contemporary approaches to literary analysis by familiarizing ourselves with various schools of criticism and specialized approaches to textual studies such as historicism, psychoanalysis, feminism, structuralism, postcolonialism and queer theory. We will develop our understanding of these methodologies through readings in drama, short fiction, novels and poetry. We will begin by developing a vocabulary for the discussion and interpretation of the Gothic novel, _Dracula_, paying particular attention to language, imagery, characterization and structure. These will be the building blocks needed to address the broader themes raised by the writers we will be reading throughout the course, including Tony Kushner, Sherman Alexie, Adrienne Rich, Thomas Pynchon, Karen Finlay, and Audre Lorde. The last section of the class will direct the analytic skills we have learned to the challenge of film interpretation. Prerequisite: none.

English 120.05 "Literary Analysis."No course description available at this time. This will be posted at http://www.grinnell.edu/ offices/registrar/courseinfo/ when available.

Added 8/5/08.
English 295.01 "Special Topic: Advanced Poetry Seminar with Steve Kuusisto." Visiting professor Steve Kuusisto from the Iowa Writers' Workshop offers a six-week short course in poetry writing. Students who have taken at least one creative writing course at Grinnell (English 205, 206, 385, and/or 386) are eligible to register for this advanced creative-writing workshop. Class meetings will take place on September 26, October 3, 10, 17, 31, and November 7. Short course deadlines apply. S/D/F only. Cannot count toward English major. Prerequisites: ENG-205 or 206.

English 310.01 "Studies in Shakespeare." No course description available at this time. This will be posted at http://www.grinnell.edu/ offices/registrar/courseinfo/ when available.

English 323.01 "Studies in English Literature, 1660-1798: Defining 'Englishness'." This course examines how English identity and the meanings of "Englishness" were challenged by England's imperialistic ventures in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. As English tourists and slave traders entered foreign territories through colonization and exploration, foreign products and foreign bodies entered England. Consequently, representations of "Englishness" became more complex as British writers confronted the task of not only representing the nation, but others as well. As we study the new literary forms and modes that came to prominence in the period, we will contemplate what effect the introduction of commodities and commodified persons had on England's ability to define itself. Prerequisite: English 223, 224, 273 or permission of instructor.

Course description added 7/29/08
English 346.01 (also General Literary Studies)"Studies in Modern Prose." The Bloomsbury Group." This seminar will focus on the Bloomsbury Group, a circle of artists and intellectuals named after the part of London where they gathered together at the beginning of the last century to discuss art, philosophy and literature. Through their ongoing conversations, they continuously challenged existing ideas and rules of their respective disciplines and broke with the aesthetic, artistic, and literary conventions of the previous century. Bloomsbury became a major influence on British twentieth century painting, design, literature, biography, economics, and social. This semester we will read fiction and non-fiction by Virginia Woolf, Leonard Woolf, E. M. Forster, Desmond MacCarthy, Lytton Strachey, John Maynard Keynes, Roger Fry, and Clive Bell. We will juxtapose these texts with the art of Vanessa Bell, Duncan Grant, and Dora Carrington. The Bloomsbury Group was truly interdisciplinary and this course will take an interdisciplinary look at the group and their interest in new aesthetic theories and artistic practices. Prerequisite: English 224, 225 or 226 or permission of instructor.

English 349.01 (also General Literary Studies) "Medieval Literature: Heaven and Hell in Medieval Literature." In literary accounts of Heaven and Hell, the afterlife is not only a theological or spiritual issue, but it is also a social, political and psychological construct. This course will consider ideas of Heaven and Hell (and Purgatory) as presented in various kinds of literature from the late classical era through the Middle Ages. Our purpose will be to trace the intellectual development of Western attitudes toward virtue, death, and the immortality of the soul while also considering how representations of Heaven and Hell speak to the immediate worldly concerns of the authors presenting these visions. Readings will include apocalyptic visions and Biblical apocrypha, Old and Middle English poetry (in both the original language and in translation), Chaucer's House of Fame, and Dante's Divine Comedy. Prerequisite: 223 or permission of instructor.

Environmental Studies 195.01 "Introductory Special Topic: Environmental Challenges and Responses." This course, offered each semester, provides a substantive forum for sustained discussions of current environmental issues amongst small groups of students and faculty. Content varies each semester. All students will meet biweekly to hear an invited speaker present on a relevant topic. During intervening weeks students will meet in small groups with two faculty members to discuss the previous week's seminar and related readings. S/D/F only. Prerequisite: second-semester standing.

Environmental Studies 295.01 (also Global Development Studies) "Special Topic: Climate Change, Development and the Environment." See Global Development Studies 295.01.

Environmental Studies 295.02 "Special Topic: Sustainable Agriculture: Ecology and Public Policy." What agricultural production methods are environmentally sustainable and how do government policies affect agricultural sustainability? Topics include: organic agriculture, grass-based agricultural systems, direct marketing and other farming practices impacted by government programs. Students will learn to interpret statutes - the main source of law affecting the sustainability of U.S. agriculture - with a focus on two types of government policies: food labels (e.g. organic, state-of-origin, grass-fed) and government incentive programs (e.g. CRP, EQIP, CSP). Dates: September 3 to October 10. Short course deadlines apply. Prerequisite: A course in Biology or Environmental Studies or permission of instructor.

French 395.01 "Advanced Special Topic: May '68 and Beyond: A Culture of Revolt." Conceived as a student-led attack on the authority of the state, its institutions, and the bourgeois values of French society, the culture of revolt in 1968 challenged the hierarchies of class, gender, privilege, and culture. In the context of the forty-year anniversary of these tumultuous events, we will examine the political, social, and philosophical causes of May '68, and consider how these events and the key figures associated with them are viewed in the France of 2008. The course will trace the revolutionary spirit of the period and its influence on critical theory, feminist thought, and experimental forms of creation in literature, the visual arts, cinema, and theater. Possible sources: Sartre, de Beauvoir, Cohn-Bendit, Geismar, Certeau, Ponge, Perec, Marker, Malle, and Mnouchkine. Conducted in French. Prerequisite: FRN 312, or 313, or permission of instructor.

Gender and Women's Studies 295.01 "Special Topic: Feminist Generations: The Third Wave and Second Wave in Dialogue." In this course, we will examine generational relations within contemporary U.S. feminism, particularly as these relations have been defined as taking place across feminism's two current "waves": the second wave of the 1960s and 1970s and the third wave of the 1990s and 2000s. Reading a wide range of texts by both generations of feminists, we will analyze the ways in which generational divisions and conflicts within contemporary feminism are being described and enacted and, ultimately, what this tells us about the history and future of U.S. feminism and feminist theory. Prerequisite: GWS-111 or second year standing.

General Literary Studies 346.01 (Also English) "Studies in Modern Prose." See English 346.01.

General Literary Studies 349.01 (Also English) "Medieval Literature: Heaven and Hell in Medieval Literature." See English 349.01.

General Literary Studies 353.01(Also Russian) "Major Russian Writers: Tolstoy." See Russian 353.01.

Global Development Studies 295.01 (Also Environmental Studies) "Special Topic: Climate Change, Development and the Environment." This course introduces the basic science of climate change, focusing on the environmental, social, economic, and political implications of such change, as well as the institutions and associated policies engaged in negotiating a response, both locally and globally. Climate change poses a significant challenge to social and economic development around the globe. How development occurs also has implications for climate change itself and the vulnerability of societies to its impacts. Students will conduct in-depth examinations of key regions and ecosystems exemplifying how climate change is closely intertwined with development and natural resource management. The difficulties of predicting regional shifts in climate will be considered, along with the challenges associated with defining policy in the face of uncertainty. Prerequisite: second-year standing or permission o f instructor.

History 262.01 "Modern Africa from the Sahara to the Zambezi." New course formerly offered as HIS-295. An introduction to West, Central, and East Africa during the colonial and postcolonial periods, focusing on the local, regional, and international dynamics of statebuilding, social and economic change, religious transformation, cultural identity, nationalism, and globalization. Prerequisite: none.

History 295.01 "Special Topic: History of the European Left, 1825-Present." This course traces the emergence and transformation of the "Left" in Western Europe from the early 19th century to the present. Key themes include Marxism and its utopian antecedents; the development of trade unions and working-class political organizations in the last third of the 19th century; the growth of the German Socialist Party (SPD); the impact of World War I and the Bolshevik Revolution; the Spanish Civil War; the intellectual fascination with Communism after World War II; May 1968 and "red terrorism;" the Left and European prosperity after World War II; and the eventual collapse of the Cold War order. Prerequisite: sophomore standing or permission of instructor.

History 295.02 "Special Topic: Ivan and Fritz Go to War: World War II on the Eastern Front." This course will examine the war between Nazi Germany and the Stalinist USSR along World War II's Eastern Front. Although it will include an overview of the war's main military events, it will focus on the war's larger social and political significance. Major themes will include the experiences and motivations of the troops, the relationship between the two states' political systems and their war aims, the reasons for the unusually high level of brutality on the Eastern Front, the role of the war in the origins of the Holocaust, and the creation of a Soviet myth of World War II. Prerequisite: sophomore standing or permission of instructor.

History 295.03 "Special Topic: Early Native American History." This course offers a social, environmental, political, and cultural history of early America from the perspectives of Native Americans. From the point of view of Native Americans, we will examine many familiar topics, like the imperial contest for North America, the American Revolution, slavery, the US Constitution, and the Lewis and Clark Expedition. In examining the influence of Indians on early American history, this course will emphasize three themes: 1) the creative adaptations of Indians to the presence of Spanish, French, British, and Anglo-American peoples in their lands; 2) the diversity of Indian peoples who made these adaptations; and 3) the challenges to modern scholars posed by the reality that non-Indians left behind most written documentation on early Native American history. Prerequisite: HIS-105 or 111 or permission of instructor.

History 295.04 "Special Topic: History Proseminar." The purpose of this course is to allow students and History Department faculty members to discuss each faculty member's scholarship. Each week, students will read the work of a different member of the History faculty and will meet to discuss that work. Discussions will deal with research findings and methodology, with where the particular project fits into the larger historiography, and with particular challenges the faculty member is facing with data or interpretation. This course is an opportunity for students to engage with working historians about how they pursue their craft. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing.

History 326.01 "History of 19th Century American Popular Culture." Students in this seminar will examine the creation and expansion of American popular culture in the nineteenth century as they focus on diverse cultural forms: dime novels, newspapers, music, sports, cartoons, material culture, theater, minstrel shows, magazines, etc. The seminar will focus particularly on how ideas and structures of race, class, and gender were changed and reinforced by American popular culture. Research papers will analyze popular culture in a historical context to consider how popular culture created or changed power dynamics in American society. Prerequisite: HIS-111 plus any 200-level American History course or permission of instructor.

History 333.01 "The Civilizing Mission and its Discontents." This seminar examines how various institutions in nineteenth-century Britain and the Empire worked to emancipate and improve the human condition through missions, charity organizations, humanitarian campaigns, Parliamentary commissions, public health, and education. Since "progress" carried the potential for both empowerment and subjugation, we will also consider how marginalized groups responded to the Victorian imperative to civilize Britain and the world. We will therefore approach philanthropy and reform movements as cultural encounters that encompassed conflicting ideas of race, gender, sexuality, class, and religion. The shared readings will facilitate students' development of a research project later in the course. Prerequisite: HIS-236, 295 (British Empire), 295 (Sub-Saharan Africa), 295 (Disease and Public Health in Europe), or permission of instructor.

History 338.01 "Histories of Leisure in Modern Europe." From well-heeled British travelers visiting Rome on a "Grand Tour" in the early 19th century to contemporary spectators attending the final match of the Champions League soccer competition at the Stade de France in Paris, "leisure" - in its many guises - has constituted an increasingly central part of the European social and cultural historical experience. This seminar will examine the development and transformation of leisure in Europe over the past two centuries, focusing particularly on the contested massification of three types of leisure pursuits: consumption, travel and tourism, and sport. The first half of the course will be devoted to common readings designed to familiarize students with these topics; students will then research and write a major independent paper during the remainder of the semester. Prerequisite: Two 200-level History classes, preferably one in modern European history, or permission of the instructor.

History 352.01 "Film and Historiography: The Cinematic Representation of the Past." Many historians have been harshly critical of the ways that movies portray the past. In this seminar, our goal will not be to discuss how "good" a film is or to point out the historical errors within it, but to ask a series of broader questions about the possibilities and drawbacks of producing history for the silver screen. In the first half of the course, we will look at historical films from around the world, ranging from Eisenstein's "Ivan the Terrible" to Beatty's "Reds," paying particular attention to critiques written by historians who specialize in the films' subject matter. In the second half of the course, each student will write a 20-30 page analysis of a historical film or films, discussing the historiographical and theoretical issues we discussed in the first seven weeks of the seminar. Prerequisite: Two 200-level History courses or permission of instructor.

Humanities 195.01 "Introductory Special Topic: Introduction to Film Analysis." An introduction to the "reading" and the comprehension of film as a language and to cinema as an institution through the examination of moving image culture--its history, theory, and criticism. Study of the basic concepts and critical approaches to film analysis. Prerequisite: none.

Humanities 395.01 "Advanced Special Topic: Visual Culture." This seminar explores the ways in which cultures generate meaning, questions and shape values, and fashion identity through imagery of all kinds - cinema, maps, advertisement, painting and photography, architecture, spatial configurations, etc. The topic also explores the impact of optical technologies and how our ways of seeing have evolved. The course will be taught by the Visiting Scholar at the Center for the Humanities. For a more complete description of the course, be sure to consult the Center for the Humanities website, http://www.grinnell.edu/academic/CentHumanities or contact the Director, Dan Reynolds, reynolds@grinnell.edu. Prerequisite: junior or senior standing; priority will be given to students completing majors in the Humanities division.

Music 203.01 "Regional Studies in World Music: East Asia." The goal of this course is to gain an understanding of some of the key musical and cultural practices of China, Korea and Japan. We will cover art, folk, and popular musics with an emphasis on how Asian communities conceptualize music within various cultural contexts such as the court, shrine, theater, festivals and film. Students will gain a sense of the musical distinctiveness of each nation while also contemplating on the cultural connections and tensions throughout the region as a whole. Prerequisite: MUS-116 or permission of instructor.

Music 321.01 "Advanced Musical Studies: Orchestration." This course will focus on practical exercises in arranging pre-existing music for orchestral instruments. Students will learn about the techniques and capabilities of modern orchestral instruments through the study of representative scores, demonstrations of musical instruments by Grinnell students and faculty, and through orchestration exercises in a variety of compositional styles from the Classical period to the present. Students will learn to use music notation software for producing professional quality scores and parts. Prerequisite: Music 112 or permission of instructor.

Music 321.02 "Advanced Musical Studies: Jazz Arranging and Composition." This course will serve to familiarize the student with the basic concepts and techniques used in modern jazz composition and arrangement. The most prominent areas covered in this course will include basic jazz theory and harmony, instrumental transpositions, basic techniques in part harmonization (starting from 2 part and ending with 5 part writing), understanding the extended techniques of each instrument and the application of the skills covered in the course to music styles outside of jazz (i.e. pop, rock, funk, etc). These objectives will be reached through detailed study of basic jazz composition and related texts, the listening and transcription of existing arrangements/compositions within the jazz idiom and the practical application of acquired skills in the creation of student compositions and arrangements. Prerequisite: MUS-112 or permission of instructor.

Philosophy 392.01 "Advanced Studies in Anglo-American Philosophy: The Philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein." In this seminar we will engage in a careful study of the work of Ludwig Wittgenstein. Wittgenstein's thought is typically divided into three periods-the early (Tractatus), middle (The Blue and Brown Books) and late (Philosophical Investigations and On Certainty)-and we will examine his views in the philosophy of language, the philosophy of mind, metaphysics and epistemology in each of them. Particular attention will be paid to the continuities and discontinuities in his views across these periods as well as the broader philosophical motivations for and consequences of them. Majors themes and topics that will be focused on include: From the early period: The notion of logical form and the picture theory of meaning, the nature of the proposition and the analysis of generality, the limits of sense and the saying/showing distinction; From the middle period: The color-exclusion problem and the idea of language as a calculus of rules or conventions; From the late period: the notion of language games and the use 'theory' of meaning, the rule-following considerations, the argument against the possibility of a private language, philosophy-as-therapy and the dissolution of skepticism. Prerequisite: PHI-253, or 256, or 257, or 258 or PHI-295 (Problems or Skepticism, Fall 2007); or permission of instructor.

Political Science 225.01 "US Public Policy and Democracy." New course formerly offered as POL-295. Most of the critical issues in public policy involve a complex relationship among politics, institutions, and public values. This course is intended to develop an understanding of the institutions, politics and values central to policy formation in the United States. Special attention is paid to the major institutions that formulate policy at the national level, with particular emphasis on Congress and the Executive Branch. Finally, students will have the opportunity to apply specific policy making theories by analyzing cases. Prerequisite: POL-101 or permission of instructor.

Added 5/2/08
Political Science 295.01 “Special Topic: Politics and Media.” The 2008 presidential election year provides the setting for Politics and Media, a course which explores political communication between democratic governments and the public in terms of its primary conduit--the news media. In democracies, news media serve as an integral part of a system of external checks on governments. How well the press plays that role in the United States is an open question. We will study the development of news media as political institutions and the ways that governments, candidates and interest groups seek to use, manipulate and regulate American news organizations. Campaign communications, spin, war and foreign affairs coverage, and questions of media bias and independence will prompt our discussion of the Fourth Estate and its modern role in politics. Prerequisite: Political Science 101 or permission of instructor.

Added 5/1/08
Political Science 395.01 “Advanced Special Topic: International Dimensions of Ethnic Conflict.” In today's world, it is difficult to consider the causes of internal conflict and civil war without a discussion of ethnicity. Ethnicity, culture, nationalism and religion are commonly cited as possible causes of tensions between groups within countries. However, ethnicity is not only argued to affect war within countries, but also war between countries. This course focuses on the international dimensions of ethnic conflict. We will critically evaluate several theories of how ethnicity may affect international conflict, including "clash of civilization" theories, and analyze the processes through which specific internal ethnic conflicts have become internationalized. Prerequisite: Political Science 250, 251, 262, or 295 (Conflict & Conflict Resolution).

Psychology 370.01 "Multicultural Psychology." New course formerly numbered PSY-395. This course surveys the psychological research on culture, ethnicity, race, and minority status in the United States. Emphasis will be placed on developing an understanding of the experiences of non-white ethnic minorities through the study of empirical research. Topics will vary and may include: racial identity, racism, acculturation, health disparities, and mental health issues. Prerequisite: Two Psychology courses numbered 200 or above, not including 225, or permission of instructor.

Religious Studies 195.01 "Introductory Special Topic: Religion in East Asia." A comparative study of religious traditions in East Asia, including evidence from China, Korea, and Japan. We will examine institutional and popular forms of beliefs and practices identified not only with Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, Christianity, and Shinto, but also with local or ethnic communities in each country. Prerequisite: none.

Religious Studies 295.01 "Special Topic: Sex and Religion in the Bible." Discussing attitudes to sexuality in the Bible, we will examine in the Hebrew Bible and Christian Scriptures the clash between ancestral behavior and subsequent laws as well as the contrast between legal and religious ideas. Topics will include: marriage and divorce, incest, intermarriage, gender discrimination, guilt and shame, homosexuality, women and purity, sexual language and symbols. It should be possible to say something new about the topics and also, because of the ways the Bible is invoked in public discourse, to say something that is relevant to contemporary life. Dates: September 16 to October 2. Short course deadlines apply. Prerequisite: REL-111 or second year standing or permission of instructor.

Religious Studies 394.01 "Advanced Topics in Religious Studies: Ritual Theory, Ritual Practice." As Catherine Bell has argued, while the idea of ritual may seem straightforward, recent critical reflections show it to be a complicated and contentious matter in the field of religious studies. This seminar is designed to investigate the variety of activities that "ritual" might refer to and the variety of perspectives that might be taken in interpreting those activities. We will also consider influences from other fields in conceptualizing "ritual," and their effects in debates over the study of religion in the twenty-first century. Prerequisite: REL-311 or permission of instructor.

Russian 353.01 (Also General Literary Studies) "Major Russian Writers: Tolstoy." Tolstoy's artistic growth through the stages of the early autobiographical fiction, the major novels of the middle period, and the short works of his later life; spiritual development and crisis within context and structure of the literary works, including Childhood, War and Peace, Anna Karenina, the Death of Ivan Ilyich. Conducted in English. Prerequisite: none.

Social Studies 295.01 "Special Topic: Processes and Perils of Entrepreneurship." This course, sponsored by the Wilson Program in Enterprise and Leadership, will provide a cursory look at the entrepreneurship process through group participation, student debate and lecture. Student groups will come up with their own new business concepts and develop them to the point of presenting an elevator pitch. Emphasis will be placed on understanding the business's value proposition and unique operating processes as well as crafting an appropriate organizational structure and go to market plan. Dates: September 1 to September 17. Short course deadlines apply. Prerequisite: a course in the Social Studies Division (Chosen from the departments of Anthropology, Education, History, Economics, Sociology or Political Science).

Social Studies 295.02 "Special Topic: Power, Justice and Aboriginal Rights." This course examines the potential, and the limitations, of negotiation as a process for recognising the rights and aspirations of Aboriginal peoples. Taking Canada as a case study, it examines the nature of the Aboriginal rights recognised by Canadian courts and their basis in history and in fundamental principles of the law in Canada and the United States. Students will be introduced to negotiation theory and negotiation simulations will be used to give students a first-hand sense of the challenges involved. Students will analyze the strengths and weaknesses of using negotiation to resolve rights questions in circumstances of power imbalance, cultural differences and disparities of financial resources. Finally, the course will allow students to assess the flexibility of negotiation as a tool for moving beyond historical differences, implementing Aboriginal values, and recognising the shared principles upon which eff ective co-exis tence [more just relationships] might be built. Dates: October 28 to November 13. Short course deadlines apply. Prerequisite: one Social Studies course.

Social Studies 295.03 "Special Topic: Introduction to GIS." This course offers an introduction to Geographic Information Systems (GIS): computer-aided systems for the management, analysis, and visualization of geographic data. This course will focus on the major underlying theories and concepts of GIS while allowing students to put theory into practice using GIS software applications in lab projects. Prerequisite: one 100-level Social Studies course.

Sociology 295.01 "Special Topic: International Migration." Why and with what consequences do people move across political borders? How is migration organized, and what factors enable and constrain this social process? Why do "immigration issues" make for strange policy bedfellows? This course explores such critical questions from an economic, political, cultural, and historical standpoint, and from multiple methodological perspectives. It draws on U.S. and less familiar European exemplars at the local, national and regional levels. In particular, the analysis stresses how migration has been a factor in both world-integrating processes (globalization) and in the continuing significance of nation-states. Prerequisite: SOC-111 or permission of instructor.

Sociology 295.02 "Special Topic: Contemporary Asian American Issues." This course is an introduction to sociological research of the Asian American experience in the United States. The course focuses on contemporary issues affecting Asian American communities since 1965 and how changes in the immigrant family experiences, labor and class challenges in a global era, and pan-Asian/pan-ethnic political mobilization have articulated new dimensions in Asian American identity, culture, and politics. Specific topics include social problems with anti-Asian violence and domestic violence in immigrant communities, educational achievement and the "model minority," racial backlash and economic scapegoating of Asian Americans as the "yellow peril," multi-racial identity and politics, and visual and cultural criticism of Asian American representation. Prerequisite: SOC-111 or permission of instructor.

Sociology 395.01 "Advanced Special Topic: Queer Theory." This seminar investigates queer theory and the experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex and queer (LGBTIQ) people as addressed in empirical studies, narratives, film and activism. We will explore how gender and sexual identities intersect with race, class, ethnicity, age and disability. Our areas of inquiry include identity, community, violence, social movements and popular culture. Critically analyzes which texts and perspectives have been considered central to queer theory and which have been marginalized. Prerequisite: two 200-level or above sociology courses or permission of instructor.

Spanish 205.01 "Communication in Spanish II." New course. Work on improvement of speaking skills. Discussion and conversation based on various cultural materials including current periodicals and satellite television. Conducted in Spanish. S/D/F only. Prerequisites: concurrent enrollment in SPN 285.

Spanish 295.01 "Special Topic: Lyrical Images: Poems and Paintings in the Spanish Context." This course examines the development of Spanish poetry alongside and in concert with similar developments in Spanish art. The survey of these literary and artistic genres will be examined from the medieval period through the present. Poets of particular interest include Luis de G¢ngora, Gustavo Adolfo B‚cquer, and Federico Garc¡a Lorca. Artists examined, among others, include Deigo Vel zquez, El Greco, Francisco de Goya, Pablo Picasso, and Salvador Dal¡. Short theoretical readings will focus on aesthetic, poetic, and philosophical issues. For majors this course would satisfy the prerequisite requirement for upper 300-level courses. Prerequisite: SPN-285 or permission of instructor.

Theatre 295.01 "Special Topic: Stage and Production Management." An exploration of the stage manager as theatre technician and as an artist. This course examines the daily responsibilities inherent in balancing the needs of a production, director's vision, technical crews, theatre staff, design team, and maintaining the well-being of performers. In addition, students will apply the skills they have examined in the first half of the course and take artistic responsibility for an in-class production project, literally demonstrating the ability to make the sun rise and set on stage. Dates: August 29 to October 17. 1/2 semester deadlines apply. Prerequisite: THE-115 and 201 or THE-115 and permission of instructor.

Theatre 304.01 "Studies in Drama II: Ibsen/Strindberg/Chekhov." Modern drama begins with the late nineteenth-century Scandinavian playwrights Henrik Ibsen and August Strindberg and the Russian Anton Chekhov. Like their contemporaries Kierkegaard, Marx, Nietzsche and Freud, the three "classical modern" dramatists explore the construction of personal identity and relations with others, the structure of reality, the phenomena of time and change, the ethics of freedom and responsibility. We will study representative plays from the major stages in each playwright's development, including Ibsen's early epic poetic dramas (Brand and Peer Gynt), the realistic so-called "well-made plays" of modern life (Doll House, Ghosts, Rosmersholm, Wild Duck, Hedda Gabler), and the final experiments with ironic "Romantic" myth and Expressionism (Masterbuilder, When We Dead Awaken); Strindberg's Greater Naturalism in the "battle of the sexes" plays (Miss Julie and The Father), the Inferno spiritual crisis, and the expressionistic late plays, To Damascus, Dance of Death, Dream Play and Ghost Sonata; Chekhov's farces and the great ironic dramas Sea Gull, Uncle Vanya, Three Sisters and Cherry Orchard. Prerequisite: previous 200-level coursework in literature or permission of the instructor (courses in philosophy, history, religious studies, art, anthropology, GWS, English and European cultures and literatures would also be appropriate).